Verbs 3 -- Main vs Helping

	作 Main Verb (MV)主要動詞時	作 Helping Verb (HV) 輔助動詞時 (無字意)
be(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)	Linking verb「是」之意	1. (現在／過去) 進行式 Continuous Tensesubject + (be) + V-ing (present participle 現在分詞) ... e.g. Mary is/was eating her lunch.2. 被動話態 Passive Voicesubject + (be) + V (past participle 過去分詞) ... e.g. John is/was punished by the teacher.
have (have, has, had)	Action verb「擁有*」之意 *「有」在中文除「擁有」之外，還有「存在」的意思。而英語中「存在」要用 be 。e.g. There is a dog. --> A dog is over there. 真正的 subject 並非 there 而是 a dog 。	(現在／過去) 完成式 Perfect Tensesubject + have/has/had + past participle 過去分詞 e.g. He has/had been taking care of the poor dog for a year.
do(do, does, did)	Action verb「做」之意	只限主要動詞是 action verb 時： **若句字本身已有輔助動詞時，就直接將原有的輔助動詞取代 do 之位置。 1. 構否定句 negative formsubject + do/does/did + not + MV (infinitive 原型) ... e.g. Mum did not cook dinner.      Sue cannot ride a bike.2. 構問句 question form(question word) + do/does/did+ subject + MV (infinitive 原型) ...e.g. Why does Tom wake up so early?      Can Cindy play football?